Firmware upgrade on Thinkpad X1 Extreme Gen 2 on Ubuntu 20.04

 It's actually pretty simple process, just run this in Terminal:

fwupdmgr update

Output may look the following way:

Upgrade available for Thunderbolt Controller from 42.00 to 59.00

Thunderbolt Controller and all connected devices may not be usable while updating. Continue with update? [Y|n]: Y

Downloading 59.00 for Thunderbolt Controller...

Fetching firmware https://fwupd.org/downloads/0ec44a6ae2c11843d80147271d99901d41a7489ff29444c820c918e46a8eac25-Lenovo-ThinkPad-X1E-Gen2-Thunderbolt-Firmware-N2OTG12W-Secured.cab

Downloading…             [***************************************] Less than one minute remaining…

Decompressing…           [***************************************]

Authenticating…          [***************************************]

Updating Thunderbolt Controller…                                 ]

Restarting device…       [***************************************]

Successfully installed firmware